Cerebral hemorrhage, commonly known as cerebral hemorrhage, refers to bleeding in the brain parenchyma. Although cerebral hemorrhage can be caused by trauma, in the classification of acute cerebrovascular disease, it generally refers to non-traumatic, also known as primary or spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage. Although cerebral hemorrhage can originate from arteries, veins, and capillaries in the brain and can be caused by a variety of reasons, bleeding from small arteries in the deep brain is the most common, and hypertension is the most common cause, the latter condition being called hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage is seen in patients with long-term hypertension, when blood pressure rises further abruptly and cerebral blood vessels suddenly rupture and bleed. Occasional increases in blood pressure, which can occur in everyone, rarely lead to cerebral hemorrhage. This is because the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage depends not only on changes in blood pressure, but is also closely related to the health of the cerebral vessels. Patients with chronic hypertension are particularly susceptible to lesions in the small cerebral arteries, where the arterial walls degenerate, become necrotic, or form microaneurysms. When the blood pressure rises sharply, it causes these weak parts to rupture and bleed. Cerebral hemorrhage is often sudden, usually occurring during the day when the patient is emotionally excited, overexerted, or highly stressed; some occur after drinking alcohol or during bowel movements. A small number of patients have the onset during sleep, especially during nightmares, or during sexual intercourse. When the disease starts, most patients feel a sudden headache or dizziness, immediately the mouth and eyes are skewed, half of the body weakness, and in severe cases soon confusion, or even coma. At this time, the patient often has deep whistling and snoring, with a generally rosy complexion, slow and strong pulse, very high blood pressure and frequent vomiting. Paroxysmal tonicity of the limbs may occur, and finally the whistling becomes irregular; some patients have a sharp rise in body temperature or vomit coffee-colored liquid, which are all signs of poor prognosis. The dangers of hypertension Hypertension is a chronic disease characterized by a continuous increase in arterial blood pressure, often causing lesions in the heart, brain, kidneys and other important organs and corresponding consequences. In the early stage of hypertension, there are only small arterial spasms throughout the body, and there are no obvious organic changes in the blood vessel wall, and with timely treatment, hypertension can be completely cured or controlled. If the blood pressure continues to increase for many years and does not drop, the arterial wall will become sclerotic due to long-term hypoxia, increased permeability of the arterial lining, plasma protein exudation from the lining and middle layer, and the plasma protein infiltrated into the vessel wall will gradually coagulate and become hyaline, and the vessel wall will become sclerotic due to hyaline degeneration. The wall of the sclerotic small arteries gradually thickens and loses elasticity, and the lumen gradually narrows or even occludes, leading to a continuous increase in blood pressure, especially diastolic blood pressure. The following are the consequences of the six most common serious hazards: 1, coronary heart disease: long-term hypertension can contribute to the formation and development of atherosclerosis. Coronary atherosclerosis can block or narrow the lumen of the blood vessel, or cause coronary heart disease due to functional changes in the coronary arteries that lead to myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, necrosis. 2, cerebrovascular disease: including cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack. Cerebrovascular accident, also known as stroke, is a fierce disease, and the death rate is very high, even if not fatal, most of them will be disabled, is the most fierce of the acute cerebrovascular disease. 3, hypertensive heart disease: hypertensive patients’ heart changes are mainly left ventricular hypertrophy and enlargement, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis. 4, hypertensive encephalopathy: mainly occurs in patients with severe hypertension, due to excessive blood pressure exceeds the automatic regulation of cerebral blood flow range, brain tissue due to excessive perfusion of blood flow and cause cerebral edema. 5, chronic renal failure: hypertension damage to the kidneys is a serious complication, of which hypertension combined with renal failure accounts for about 10%. 6, hypertensive crisis: hypertensive crisis can occur in both the early and late stages of hypertension. Stress, fatigue, cold, sudden discontinuation of antihypertensive drugs and other triggers can lead to a strong spasm of small arteries, resulting in a sharp rise in blood pressure. When hypertensive crisis occurs, serious symptoms such as headache, irritability, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath and blurred vision may occur. How can hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage be treated? Treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, commonly known as cerebral hemorrhage: We are familiar with this disease, the age of onset of which is more than 50 years old, but in recent years there is a trend of younger people, and there is no shortage of young people around 30 years old in the clinic. The onset of cerebral hemorrhage is often accompanied by sudden onset of unconsciousness, nausea, vomiting, slurred speech, incontinence of one limb and urinary and fecal incontinence, and often irregular whistling and snoring. In this case, the 120 emergency center should be notified immediately and the patient should be quickly taken to the hospital emergency room, where the site of bleeding and the amount of bleeding can be clarified through cranial CT examination. If the bleeding volume is less than 30 ml, drug treatment by neurology can be chosen. If the bleeding volume is more than 30 ml, brain tissue compression, displacement, pupil enlargement and deepening of coma should be selected for surgical treatment by neurosurgeons according to the bleeding site and bleeding volume. At present, the commonly used methods include large bone flap craniotomy, hole fragmentation aspiration, stereotactic hole aspiration and small bone window craniotomy. In recent years, minimally invasive techniques to remove hematoma under microscope or neuroendoscope have been developed.