In modern society, people’s fast-paced life, irregular living habits, increased mental stress, etc. have led to an increasing trend in the incidence of insomnia in recent years. According to the survey, about 27% of people worldwide are troubled by insomnia to varying degrees, and the incidence of insomnia is as high as 32% to 50% in the United States, 10% to 14% in the United Kingdom, 20% in Japan, and 30% in France. In China, insomnia is also more than 30%, with female insomniacs being significantly higher than males, and insomnia among people under 40 years of age accounting for more than 40%. Medical research shows that long-term or severe insomnia can affect people’s daily work, study and life, causing a serious psychological burden, and can even seriously endanger human health, inducing hypertension, diabetes, depression and other diseases, and may also cause serious accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to understand insomnia to prevent insomnia. Insomnia, called “sleeplessness” in Chinese medicine, also known as “no sleep”, “no sleep”, “no night for the eyes”, etc., usually refers to It is a subjective experience of insufficient sleep time and/or quality that affects social activities during the day. The common forms of insomnia include: sleeping for more than 30 minutes, waking up more than twice during the night or waking up early in the morning, light sleep or dreamy sleep, and less than 6 hours of total sleep. The reasons are often due to long-term excessive stressful mental work, strong ideological and emotional fluctuations, weakness after a long illness, etc. Modern medical treatment of insomnia mostly uses sedative-hypnotic or anti-anxiety drugs, including barbiturates, benzodiazepines and new non-benzodiazepines. Barbiturates have more adverse effects and tend to produce dependence, so they are rarely used now. Benzodiazepines have a better safety profile, but still have addiction problems and should not be used for a long time in clinical practice. New non-benzodiazepines are a safer and more effective sedative-hypnotic drugs, with fast onset, short duration of action, no obvious hangover effect, and not easy to produce drug resistance and dependence, although the adverse effects of these drugs are less than those of barbiturates and benzodiazepines, but not without. Therefore, in recent years, the World Health Organization and many domestic and foreign experts have proposed the treatment principle of “on-demand treatment” and “small intermittent doses” of sedative-hypnotic drugs. The treatment of insomnia in TCM has two major aspects: prescription medicine and acupuncture. Among them, acupuncture treatment includes electric acupuncture, warm acupuncture, moxibustion, auricular acupuncture or auricular acupuncture, balancing acupuncture, abdominal acupuncture and other means, which has the effect of regulating the balance of yin and yang, unblocking the meridians and qi and blood, thus calming the mind and restoring sleep. It is widely used in clinical practice because of its advantages such as fast curative effect, easy operation, safety and reliability. However, it is essential to cultivate a good state of mind and establish healthy sleep habits, regardless of whether medication or acupuncture is administered. It is important to emphasize the insomnia problems of special groups: psychological rehabilitation treatment for the cause, cultivation of healthy sleep habits, acupuncture and other non-pharmacological treatments are preferred for the elderly, and medication is taken only when necessary. The effectiveness and safety of pharmacological treatment of insomnia in children, pregnant and lactating women has not been proven, and pharmacological treatment should be avoided as much as possible. Postmenopausal women with insomnia who have problems such as depressive disorders and anxiety disorders should be treated psychologically first. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases need to consult a professional respiratory medicine or sleep therapist when using hypnotic drugs. Patients with psychiatric disorders or depression who develop insomnia should give priority to antidepressant treatment.