1.Definition A series of training for patients to prepare for the completion of walking exercises, in order to improve the patient’s ability to adapt to standing and walking positions. (1) Indications and contraindications (1) Indications: central paralysis, such as hemiplegia, paraplegia, cerebellar disorders, cerebral palsy, etc.; patients whose walking is affected by a uniform lesion, such as the installation of prosthesis after amputation, hip joint replacement, etc. (2) Contraindications: standing balance dysfunction; unhealed lower limb fractures; joint instability due to various reasons. 3.Equipment and appliances: muscle strengthening training device, parallel bars, rising bed, walking stick, crutches, etc. (1) Muscle strengthening training: for patients who need to walk with a walker or crutches, focus on the development of upper limb muscle strength; for those who expect to complete independent walking, focus on lower limb muscle strength; for upper and lower limb amputees, stump muscle group and abdominal muscle strength training is required; the amount and mode of training refer to the “muscle strength training” section. The amount and manner of training should be referred to the “muscle training” section. (2) Upright bed training: For patients with long-term bed rest or spinal cord injury, to prevent postural hypotension, use the upright bed to gradually adjust to an upright position. When the patient can tolerate the body upright, you can consider starting standing or walking exercises. (3) Training within the parallel bar, cane and crutch standing training: according to the patient’s condition, use the parallel bar, cane and crutch to perform standing, weight transfer, unipedal support, in-situ stepping or striding exercises, etc., in preparation for walking exercises. 5. Precautions (1) Patients’ blood pressure changes should be noted during pre-walking training. (2) A safe and barrier-free environment should be provided. (3) The length of clothing should not reach the ground to prevent tripping. (4) Wear appropriate shoes and socks with laces firmly tied, and do not practice barefoot.