In winter, the temperature is low, the air humidity is low, the wind is northerly, cold air is frequent, and the probability of snowfall is high, while the five senses of the human body repeatedly “encounter” with cold air and are prone to disease.
Rhinorrhea, also known as epistaxis, is caused by the rupture of small blood vessels in the nasal mucosa, especially the arteriovenous network below the nasal septum. The cold and dry climate in winter makes the nasal mucosa easily crusted, and people often dig their nostrils with their hands, thus causing bleeding. Winter is also the peak season for colds and rhinitis, both of which are likely to cause nasal bleeding. Therefore, attention should be paid to the prevention of colds and rhinitis in winter, and to overcome the bad habit of picking nostrils.
Stomatitis The junction of skin and mucous membrane at the corners of the mouth is flushed, flaky, eroded, cracked, bleeding and painful called stomatitis. Winter air is dry, people will unconsciously lick with their tongues after their lips are dry, as saliva is quickly evaporated in dry air, so the more you lick the more dry, resulting in dry and cracked lips and corners of the mouth. At this time, the bacteria in the mouth take the opportunity to invade the corners of the mouth, causing inflammation. In addition, winter eating fresh vegetables to reduce the lack of vitamin B2, can also induce keratitis. Therefore, you should drink more water and eat more fruits and vegetables in winter.
Ear frostbite The formation of ear frostbite is mainly related to the body’s abnormal reaction to cold and the impaired blood circulation in the extremities. The blood supply to the ear is less than other parts of the body, and except for the earlobe, which has fatty tissue for insulation, the rest of the ear is only wrapped in thinner skin, and the blood vessels inside are very fine and have poor insulation capacity, thus making it easy to get frostbite. In addition, the recurrence rate of ear frostbite is also very high, often “one year of frostbite, recurring every year”. Therefore, it is important to keep your ears warm in winter.
Glaucoma A pathologically high intraocular pressure combined with visual dysfunction is called glaucoma, a blinding eye disease that strikes mostly in the coldest months of winter. Its symptoms are eye pain, eye swelling, vision loss, accompanied by headache and nausea. Therefore, it is important to maintain a stable mood, avoid mental tension and overexcitement; do not stay in the dark for a long time to prevent the pupil from dilating and causing an increase in intraocular pressure; participate in outdoor activities appropriately in sunny weather because this increases the supply of oxygen to the blood vessels of the fundus and reduces the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood to avoid an increase in intraocular pressure; go out as little as possible in cold weather to reduce the impact of bad weather on Snow blindness
Snow blindness, also known as snow light ophthalmia, is mainly due to the ultraviolet rays of the sun reflected by the snow to the cornea of the human eye, causing corneal damage. According to research, when the sun’s medium-wave ultraviolet light shines on the snow, the reflected light from it hits the human eye, then snow blindness may occur, and its symptoms are photophobia, tearing, itching, stinging, edema, foreign body sensation, etc. Therefore, sunglasses should be worn when going out in the winter when the sun is strong.