Cryolipolysis calf slimming surgery is a new technology that adopts selective and non-invasive methods to make local fat reduction. Continuous cooling reaches below 4℃ to make fat cells age prematurely and die one after another, so as to realize the purpose of eliminating fat cells without damaging the surrounding tissues. Clinical data show that the procedure has a low chance of complications, mostly related to irregular and unskilled operation of doctors, irregular instruments, and patients with contraindications to surgery. The main adverse effects are cold seborrheic symptoms, including localized erythema, nodules, numbness, and pain, which are mostly temporary. A rare but more difficult adverse reaction for patients to accept is paradoxical lipomatous hyperplasia, which is prevalent in males and Hispanic descendants, and usually occurs 2-3 months after surgery, with an incidence of approximately 0.025%. There are 2 hypothesized explanations for this phenomenon in the clinic, one is that the damaged adipocytes recruit more adipose stem cells for localized repair hyperplasia, and the other is that the fat intervals thicken during the repair process, which manifests itself in the appearance of localized bulging. In addition, operational errors during cryolipolysis treatment can also lead to localized frostbite, mild frostbite can be recovered in a few days, while severe cases may cause permanent damage, even leaving scars, tissue adhesion, deep unevenness, depression, local nerve damage, pain pulling, hyperpigmentation, etc.. Therefore, in clinical practice, it is recommended that candidates choose professional medical institutions and doctors for cryolipolysis treatment, with a lower chance of complications.