Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that seriously affects physical and mental health, mostly in infancy and early childhood, and can affect the intellectual development of children if left untreated. Most epilepsy is treated with medications, but about 30% of patients with ineffective or incomplete control require surgical treatment. Traditional surgical methods include epileptic focus resection, anterior temporal lobectomy and hippocampal resection, and cerebral hemispherectomy, which carry certain risks and trauma. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a minimally invasive surgical method for the treatment of intractable epilepsy, which does not require craniotomy, but simply fixes the stimulating electrode to the vagus nerve in the left side of the neck and places the stimulator under the skin of the left subclavian or left axilla. VNS is a non-pharmacologic neuromodulation treatment that has been used in more than 100,000 cases of refractory epilepsy worldwide since 1997, when it was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. A safe and effective treatment measure to control seizures while improving cognitive function and quality of life in children with epilepsy. Vagus nerve stimulation is indicated for patients with epilepsy who: 1. Have partial, especially complex partial seizures, or complex partial seizures secondary to generalized seizures, and whose seizures cannot be effectively controlled despite regular antiepileptic drug therapy; 2. Have multiple foci or lesions that are poorly localized and cannot be treated with conventional craniotomy or where craniotomy treatment would cause important neurological deficits; and 3. Age 12-60 years old, but for children younger than 12 years old after detailed evaluation if they are eligible for surgery, vagus nerve stimulation may also be an option to avoid damage to cognitive function, etc. from seizures; 3. Good intelligence, IQ value >80, no history of psychiatric disorders, nor asthma, cardiopulmonary disorders or other progressive developmental systemic diseases.