What are anal papillae? They are usually very small, but when there is anal sinusitis, anal fistula, anal fissure, hemorrhoids, constipation and anal pruritus, they can become enlarged and protrude out of the anus, forming papillitis or papillomatosis, or in some cases, papilloma. What is a papilloma? Papilloma is a fibrous polyp, which is one of the common benign tumors of the anorectum. The disease starts insidiously, progresses slowly, is a benign tumor, and heals well after treatment. It is mostly seen in young adults and is more common in women than men. In addition to the prolapse of anal papilloma, the main manifestations are bleeding after stool, feeling of unclean bowel movement and itching of the anus. Etiology】 The understanding of this disease differs between Chinese and Western medical viewpoints. 1. Chinese medicine viewpoint The disease is mostly caused by poor diet, excessive consumption of sweet, fatty, spicy, alcoholic and other stimulating foods, or due to diarrhea, dysentery and other damp-heat evils injected into the large intestine and accumulated in the anus, or due to intestinal dryness and constipation, anal abrasion and poisoning. The occurrence of this disease is closely related to the local anatomical features and the special shape of the anal sinus. In the anal canal, there are a varying number of funnel-shaped depressions with upward opening at the dentate line, called anal sinuses, which are often infected with fecal residue and foreign bodies entering the fossa, and once invaded by bacteria, they are not easily removed. Therefore, the accumulation of feces in the anal sinus is conducive to the invasion and reproduction of bacteria, resulting in inflammation, edema, and increased exudate in the invaded anal sinus, thus causing hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the anal papilla. Pathology】 The surface is covered by smooth creamy white or light red skin, and in cases of repeated prolapse, the component is lobulated and the surface skin is keratinized. There is inflammation and edema in the tissue. Clinical manifestations】 Papillary fibroma, early symptoms are not obvious, a few patients may have a sense of incomplete defecation, does not affect normal work and life, often ignored, or mistaken for hemorrhoids. (1) Incomplete defecation sensation: there are rich nerve fibers in the anal canal, forming an accessory sensory organ. During the inflammatory phase of anal papilloma, patients often have incomplete defecation sensation, or with the sensation of foreign body embedded in the anus and the feeling of falling. In the acute inflammatory stage, there is also a feeling of urgency and heaviness. In female patients, the symptoms are aggravated during menstruation due to pelvic congestion during menstruation. (2) Anal itching: due to long-term repeated prolapse of papilloma, resulting in inflammatory secretions stimulating the perianal skin and causing perianal eczema. (3) Anal swelling and pain: After some papillomas prolapse, they are embedded and cannot be retracted, resulting in obstruction of lymphatic flow, causing anal swelling and pain. Finger diagnosis and speculum examination are important tools for the diagnosis of papilloma, and most patients are found by finger diagnosis and speculum examination. (1) Finger palpation: A movable nodule can be palpated at the tooth line. (2) Speculum examination: The papilloma is red at the base of the speculum and grayish-white at the tip, which protrudes into the speculum in a coral shape. Treatment】 What are the surgical methods? (1) anal papilloma excision and ligation; (2) electrocautery. What are the treatment methods of Chinese medicine in this disease? Are there any advantages? (1) Fumigation: fumigation with bitter ginseng soup. (2)Application method: Anti-inflammatory and pain relief with Ma Ying Long hemorrhoid cream. (3) Plugging method: you can use Ma Yinglong hemorrhoid suppositories, compound carrageenan acid system acid, diclofenac sodium suppositories. (4) Enema method: purple hyacinth night enema. Chinese medicine external treatment method and surgery complement each other, surgery to remove papilloma, Chinese medicine to improve the internal environment of generating papilloma, can be said to treat both the symptoms and the root cause. The actual fact is that you should not take papilloma as hemorrhoids when you have a feeling of swelling or incomplete bowel movement. This will delay the treatment of anal papilloma. For the sake of our health, we need to go to a professional hospital early to cooperate with doctors for the treatment of anal papilloma. In the prevention and treatment of anal papilloma, we need to pay attention to: ① Early and active treatment of anal sinus inflammation is the key to the prevention of anal papilloma. For larger papillomas, if they prolapse, they should be sent back to the anus in time to avoid edema, entrapment, necrosis and bleeding. ③ Anal papilloma is a benign tumor, but this disease is generally considered to have a tendency to become malignant, so early surgery is recommended. The early detection of anal papilloma symptoms and early treatment can reduce a lot of unnecessary troubles in life.