Patient: My mother had a kidney transplant 6 years ago and now she found out she has gallstones, what should I do? Doctor: Under normal circumstances, patients with gallstones need to be removed surgically. For kidney transplant patients, special treatment is needed. If gallstones are found before transplantation, we will recommend gallbladder removal before kidney transplantation. For example, if your mother has already had a kidney transplant, surgery is risky because of long-term immunosuppressive drugs. So if it is asymptomatic gallstones, conservative treatment is recommended. If there are frequent episodes of gallbladder inflammation, it is still recommended to remove the gallbladder surgically, as it is also more difficult to control the inflammation of the gallbladder due to immunosuppression.