Are there risks associated with surgery for diabetes? There are certain risks associated with any surgical treatment, especially for diabetic patients. In a hyperglycemic state, surgical incisions do not heal easily and the incidence of infection is greatly increased. Therefore, the risk of surgical treatment for diabetic patients is much higher than that of the general population. In addition to preoperative and intraoperative glycemic control at good and stable levels, caution is also needed to guard against other postoperative complications, mainly including: gastroparesis, dumping syndrome, gallstones, anastomotic fistula, anastomotic ulcer, intestinal obstruction, portal vein injury, malnutrition, etc. In addition, clinical studies suggest that >10% of patients develop acute liver failure after surgery. Because of the relatively short period of time for surgical treatment of diabetes in China, there are no exact statistics and reports on long-term complications, and further follow-up and attention are needed. Effective surgical treatment is a good start, but for a chronic disease like diabetes, effective long-term control of blood glucose is the only true “cure”. Even for patients whose blood glucose has returned to normal after surgery, they are still subject to certain restrictions on their daily diet, exercise and lifestyle habits. It is generally recommended that patients with normal blood glucose after surgery should have a normal diet rather than an arbitrary diet, i.e., they should still minimize the intake of high calories and high fat, and at the same time insist on moderate exercise and establish a scientific and regular life and rest time. The above measures are not only helpful to assist the efficacy of surgery and achieve weight loss as early as possible, but also an important means to reduce the incidence of complications. Since this surgery is still in its initial stage in China, and there is still a lack of a large amount of long-term risk data analysis internationally, it is important to pay attention to long-term monitoring of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and diabetic complications even for patients whose blood glucose has returned to normal after surgery.