Subcortical atherosclerotic encephalopathy often causes cognitive impairment, limb activity problems, such as small gait, memory function impairment, and even some patients will have depression, anxiety state, life can not take care of themselves, incontinence and so on, the specific treatment is as follows: 1, the disease is mainly due to high blood pressure, it should be strict control of blood pressure; 2, it is related to the small blood vessel lesions, atherosclerosis, and the treatment is mainly directed at the Atherosclerosis to give drugs, such as aspirin, lipid regulation, statin drugs, so symptomatic treatment is very important, often can slow down the progress of the disease, such as improving cognitive function of drugs, antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, drugs to improve circulation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment can also play a supplementary role, but there is no specific treatment. Therefore, it is important to strictly control hypertension in the early stage, to control the high-risk factors well, and to try not to develop subcortical atherosclerotic encephalopathy.