The pituitary gland and the hypothalamus are equivalent to the superior-subordinate relationship. The hypothalamus is the superior regulatory organ of the pituitary gland, which can secrete a variety of hormones to act on the pituitary gland and promote the secretion of the corresponding hormones. The pituitary gland is located ventrally in the lower part of the thalamus and is an ovoid body composed of the adenohypophysis and the pituitary gland, which is the most complex endocrine gland in the body. The hypothalamus is the neuro-endocrine center of higher regulation and transformation station of the body, and plays a very important role in maintaining the stability of the body’s internal environment and neuro-endocrine function. The hypothalamus is neurologically connected to the pituitary gland, and the nerve fibers from the hypothalamus can directly enter the pituitary gland. The antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin secreted by the hypothalamus are transported through the nerve fibers to the pituitary gland, which can release hormones that regulate the body when the body needs them. The hypothalamus has a neurovascular connection with the pituitary gland, and the hypothalamus is most closely connected to the pituitary stalk at the lower end of the median bulge, which is an important part of the hypothalamus for the regulation of pituitary function and a common channel through which various pituitary hormones must pass. Pituitary hormones are released into the bloodstream here and reach the pituitary gland along the portal vessels to excite or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones. Through the regulation of hormone levels, the body’s growth, mammary gland secretion, glucagon secretion, melanin secretion, genital growth and thyroid secretion can be controlled.