Infants with abnormal head shape should be alerted to early closure of the cranial suture after excluding the birth injury. The human cranial cover is formed by the frontal bone, temporal bone, parietal bone and occipital bone, and there are bone sutures between each bone to provide conditions for the growth of head circumference, and they close successively with growth and development. Generally, the frontal suture closes about 2 months after birth, the sagittal suture closes about 22 months after birth, the coronal suture closes about 24 months after birth, and the herringbone suture closes about 26 months after birth. If one or more sutural sutures are closed early, the head will be restricted in partial or total growth, and firstly, the head shape will be abnormal in appearance, which is often referred to as oblique head or even microcephaly in clinical practice. As shown in the figure below, premature closure of sagittal suture will lead to navicular head, premature closure of frontal suture will lead to triangular head, premature closure of bilateral coronal suture will lead to short head deformity, and premature closure of unilateral coronal suture or herringbone suture will lead to oblique head deformity. The direct harm of microcephaly is to limit brain development and affect whole brain function, and the incidence of distant epilepsy, cerebral palsy, intelligence, visual and/or hearing impairment is significantly higher, which should draw the high attention of doctors and parents. Early treatment of microcephaly due to premature closure of cranial suture can effectively avoid brain developmental disorders. The best time for treatment is within 1 year of age, when the neurological system, especially the brain, develops fastest and the treatment is less traumatic, and cranial suture reconstruction can be performed under endoscopic minimally invasive surgery; treatment at 1-3 years of age still helps brain development, but over 3 years of age is a late case, and the treatment is mainly aimed at correcting the cranial deformity, which is not very helpful to improve neurological function and the surgery is traumatic. Therefore, the treatment of microcephaly emphasizes early, early and even ultra-early weeks after birth.