This year, June 6 is the 15th National Eye Care Day. Diabetes, a group of metabolic diseases characterized by increased blood sugar levels, may not sound like it has much to do with eye disease, but almost all eye diseases can occur in diabetics, such as retinopathy, cataracts, keratopathy, glaucoma, and iritis. The risk of retinopathy in diabetic patients is about 80% or more and is the leading cause of blindness, which is caused by diabetes 10-25 times more than in the general population. The development of diabetic retinopathy is closely related to the degree of glycemic control. Studies have confirmed that good glycemic control, whether type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes, can reduce the risk of retinopathy. Glaucoma is a lifelong progressive, irreversible, blinding eye disease and is the second leading cause of blindness. Diabetes is a high-risk group for glaucoma, and the incidence of developing open-angle glaucoma is 1.4 times higher than that of non-diabetics. Cataracts occur early and progress rapidly in diabetic patients, and are the most common cause of vision loss in diabetic patients diagnosed after age 30. The corneas of diabetic patients are more susceptible to injury and slow to heal, making contact lenses less suitable for diabetics. Since many people with diabetes have a known disease duration that is shorter than the actual onset of the disease, patients are advised to have an eye exam as soon as they are diagnosed with diabetes. If you wait until your eyes feel bad before getting checked, the eye problem is usually very serious. Eye exams should not just examine the fundus, but should include the fundus and retina, and measure intraocular pressure. Depending on the patient’s eye condition, the doctor will decide whether further tests, such as fundus fluoroscopy and optical coherence tomography, are needed. After a diabetic patient is diagnosed with combined retinopathy, in addition to controlling blood sugar, the principle of treatment depends on the stage of the lesion. Stage 1-2 can be treated with drugs to improve microcirculation, and stage 3-4 is mainly treated with photocoagulation, which is also an effective method commonly used at present. most patients have their disease controlled and their vision stabilized after laser treatment. stage 5-6 is combined with vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment, which can only be treated with surgery, and most patients can only partially recover their vision after surgery. In the process of eye protection, attention should first be paid to stabilizing blood sugar, blood pressure, and blood lipids so that retinopathy will develop more slowly. Diabetic patients should also focus on prevention of eye disease, be vigilant and have regular eye examinations during the asymptomatic stage to achieve early diagnosis and early treatment.