Total protein is commonly used clinically to detect chronic liver injury and can reflect the function of liver parenchymal cell reserves, which can be divided into two categories: albumin and globulin. The decrease in total protein is generally parallel to the decrease in albumin, which is mostly seen in liver diseases, malnutrition, excessive protein loss, increased consumption, increased serum water, etc. The decrease in simple globulin is mainly a physiological decrease, or the appearance of immune function suppression. Several conditions: 1. Liver cell damage affecting total protein and albumin synthesis: common liver diseases include subacute severe hepatitis, chronic moderate or above persistent hepatitis, liver hardness, liver cancer, etc., as well as ischemic liver injury and toxin-induced liver injury. For hepatitis, cirrhosis and all types of liver injury, liver-protective treatment needs to be given to maintain the normal function of the liver. If there is liver cancer, the type and degree of progression of liver cancer should be actively clarified, and surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy should be given. 2. Malnutrition: such as insufficient protein intake or digestive malabsorption, it is recommended to improve the diet, increase protein intake, take drugs to promote digestion as well as drugs to nourish the liver and protect the liver to alleviate digestive malabsorption. 3. Excessive protein loss: such as nephrotic syndrome (massive glomerulonephritic proteinuria) , protein-losing enteropathy, severe burns, acute massive blood loss, etc. For nephrotic syndrome, patients need bed rest, diuretics, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressant therapy. For protein-losing enteropathy, a low-salt diet and diuretics are required, and intravenous human albumin is effective for a short period of time, along with treatment for the cause. In the presence of severe burns and acute massive blood loss, fluid supplementation is required to control fluid loss actively, and transfusion therapy is required for severe bleeding. 4. Increased wasting: seen in chronic wasting diseases, such as severe tuberculosis, hyperthyroidism and malignancy. Tuberculosis requires active anti-tuberculosis treatment, following the principles of early, moderate, combined, regular and full treatment. Hyperthyroidism needs to be treated with anti-thyroid drugs, supplemented with radioactive iodine therapy and surgery. If there is malignant tumor, the tumor stage needs to be actively clarified and treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 5. Increased serum water: If water and sodium retention or excessive intravenous supplementation of crystalloid solution occurs, water and sodium retention should be actively treated with diuretics, and the cause of retention should be clarified. If it is caused by inappropriate fluid supplementation, the doctor’s help should be sought in time to clarify the rehydration treatment, and if necessary, stop the drug or change to other drugs; 6. Physiological decrease: generally seen in infants and children less than 3 years old, serum globulin concentration can be reduced to a certain extent, and generally no treatment is needed; 7. Immune function suppression: if long-term application of adrenocorticotropic hormone or immunosuppressant, it is easy to affect the concentration of globulin, and it is recommended to seek medical advice in time and follow medical advice to change to other drugs or means to control related diseases. Note that low total protein is seen in a variety of conditions and requires treatment according to specific etiology to actively control the disease, improve the prognosis and enhance the quality of patient survival.