Renal cysts mainly include simple renal cysts and polycystic kidneys, etc. Surgery is performed under general anesthesia. Simple renal cysts usually have no obvious clinical manifestations and are mostly found during physical examination. The common symptoms of simple renal cysts are abdominal or back pain and microscopic hematuria. For cysts with a diameter of less than 4cm and no obvious symptoms, they can be left untreated and followed up regularly; for those with obvious symptoms, part of the cyst wall can be removed under general anesthesia and decompression therapy can be used. Polycystic kidney is hereditary, infant type mostly die young, adult type mostly appear symptoms around 40 years old, one or both sides of the kidney area pain, microscopic or naked eye hematuria and so on. Patients with normal renal function in the early stage can be treated conservatively; those with obvious symptoms can have the cystic wall of the kidney removed under general anesthesia, and patients with advanced renal failure can be considered for kidney transplantation.