Sinusitis is a common clinical disorder that is classified as acute or chronic. Acute is usually within 12 weeks and chronic is often more than 12 weeks.
1.What is sinus?
Sinus is the ancient name of nasal abyss, sinus means hole. The human head is a mountain, with the nose as the center around the distribution of several caves, is the sinuses. These sinuses all have an opening in the nasal cavity.
2.What is the principle of sinusitis attack?
Under normal circumstances, there is only air in the caves, but in the case of sinusitis, one or more of the caves will have a pus nose. When there is a lot of snot, the hole will swell and block, so that it is more difficult for the pus snot to flow out, and the pus snot that can’t flow out stimulates the hole to swell even more, which forms a vicious circle and eventually leads to chronic disease. Of course, if there are nasal polyps at the same time, this blockage is more serious, and it is more difficult to treat.
3, the etiology of sinusitis?
Sinusitis is often secondary to upper sensation or acute rhinitis. “If you have a cold for more than 7 days and still have nasal congestion and pus nose, you need to pay attention to it. At this time, the original symptoms aggravate, appearing chills, fever, loss of appetite, constipation, peripheral discomfort, etc., children can occur vomiting, diarrhea, cough and other symptoms.
4.What are the symptoms of sinusitis?
The main symptoms are nasal congestion and pus, generally one of the two must be present. It can be -side or bilateral.
Sometimes pus flows into the pharynx and causes cough and sputum (common in children). Some patients have open-mouth breathing, snoring in sleep and dark circles under the eyes.
5.Does sinusitis cause headache?
Sinusitis can cause headache, called rhinogenic headache. However, children are less likely to complain of headaches in most cases.
6.What are the tests for sinusitis?
CT examinations have become an important tool for diagnosing sinusitis and can show the extent of sinusitis in nasal polyps. Traditional sinus radiographs are gradually used less and less due to their low resolution.
Nasal endoscopy: It focuses on the condition of the nasal cavity and the presence of nasal polyps and other lesions. This exam requires placing a mirror (3mm hard or wire-like soft mirror) about 5 cm into the nose. The exam itself is not very painful, but it is common for children to cry and be uncooperative.
The above two examinations have different perspectives, CT is to look at the structure of the house, and endoscopy is to look at the interior decoration, complementing and not duplicating each other.
7.What are the complications of sinusitis?
Sinusitis causes a variety of complications.
Pus drains downward and directly stimulates the throat and trachea, causing various pharyngitis and cough. This is very common in children and is even the only manifestation of the condition.
It induces otitis media, causing stuffy ears and tinnitus. Children may present only with poor hearing and loud TV viewing.
The infection spreads to the orbit and skull, causing serious complications (relatively rare).
Induce nasal polyps and aggravate each other with nasal polyps.
8.What are the treatments for sinusitis?
Drug treatment, including
a nasal sprays (mainly hormonal, but this hormone is rarely absorbed systemically and rarely affects physical development, so there is no need to worry excessively)
b antibiotics (application time of about 10 days, usually no yellow nose after antibiotics continue to use a week; antibiotics with a long time may diarrhea, constipation and other discomfort, you can eat a little yogurt, mommy’s milk, etc.)
c mucosal pro-discharge agents (to promote the discharge of sticky nasal snot).
d other such as saline rinse, Chinese medicine, etc. (Hypertonic saline helps to cleanse the nasal cavity and reduce swelling, which is safe and easy to use, but some patients do not cooperate well).
Outpatient treatment: If the medication is not effective for a week and there is still more pus, you can do negative pressure sinus replacement. The operation is not complicated, just a little bitter in the mouth, but some children do not cooperate. If the child has not been treated properly, replacement is not the first thing to do.
If sinusitis is not well treated conservatively, surgery is an option. However, surgery for sinusitis in children is relatively rare, except for severe sinusitis with nasal polyps, most conservative treatment can be done. The current mainstream surgery is sinus endoscopic surgery, other surgery such as laser, freezing, etc. is not reliable children.
9, tips to pay attention to blowing methods.
If you have a stuffy nose, you should press one side of the nostril and blow slightly harder. After that, blow alternately. Do not blow bilaterally at the same time. Parents can supervise their children to clean up the nasal cavity and check the color of nasal snot at the same time in order to understand the effect of treatment. When hypertonic saline rinsing, you need to do the same after spraying saline.
10.Why do children with sinusitis have recurrent attacks?
Children’s resistance is poorer than others, and as I said before, “cold” is a common cause, and when sinusitis occurs, the child is treated for about 10 days, and after treatment, the child accidentally “catches a cold” again, so it is easy to have sinusitis again. This is not something to worry about. This does not need to worry too much, as the child grows, resistance will get better, the attack will also be reduced. What you need to do now is to reduce the level of attacks and prevent complications.