According to the latest Report on Nutrition and Chronic Diseases of Chinese Residents, the overweight and obesity rates of residents aged ≥18 years were 30.1% and 11.9% respectively in 2012, an increase of 7.3% and 4.8% respectively compared with 2002; although the overweight and obesity rates of rural residents were lower than those of urban residents in 2012, the increase was greater than that of urban residents. The overweight and obesity rates in 2014 were 11 times and 73 times higher than those in 1985, respectively. Obesity itself does not seem to be terrible, what is terrible is that obesity or overweight can bring many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular problems. First, the relationship between overweight or obesity and hypertension With the increase in body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels are also higher. Obese people have a high prevalence of hypertension, the longer the duration of obesity, especially women, the greater the risk of hypertension. When weight is reduced by diet control and increased exercise, blood volume, cardiac output and sympathetic activity decrease, and blood pressure decreases. Previous studies have shown that a pooled analysis of 240,000 people in China showed that the prevalence of hypertension was 2.5 times higher in those with a BMI ≥ 24 than in those with a BMI below 24, and 3.3 times higher in those with a BMI ≥ 28 than in those with a BMI below 24. The prevalence of hypertension was 2.3 times higher in men with a waist circumference of 85 cm or greater and in women with a waist circumference of 80 cm or greater than those with a normal waist circumference. Some weight reduction trials show that after weight reduction treatment, systolic and diastolic blood pressure is also reduced with the average weight reduction. Second, overweight or obesity and the relationship between cardiovascular disease obese patients with significantly higher incidence of cardiovascular disease than those with normal weight, prospective studies in China show that increased body mass index is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease, the incidence of coronary events (refers to acute myocardial infarction, sudden coronary death and other coronary deaths) with the rise in body mass index and increase. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are all important risk factors for coronary heart disease and other atherosclerotic diseases, and overweight and obesity lead to the clustering of these risk factors and greatly contribute to the formation of atherosclerosis. the prevalence of atherosclerosis is 2.2 and 2.8 times higher in individuals with BMI ≥ 24 and BMI ≥ 28, respectively, than in those with BMI below 24. . The prevalence of overweight obesity was 2.1 times higher than that of individuals with normal waist circumference, which clearly indicates that overweight obesity is an important factor in promoting atherosclerosis. The relative risk of ischemic stroke (cerebral infarction) in obese individuals is 2.2. Cerebral atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of cerebral infarction. The risk factors for its development are very similar to those of coronary heart disease, and the aggregation of risk factors due to overweight and obesity is one of the reasons for the increase in ischemic strokes. Obesity is a disease and a risk factor for many diseases including cardiovascular diseases, therefore, it is very important to actively control obesity and the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases brought about by obesity.