After mediastinal surgery, patients need to rest for a relatively short period of time, usually 2-4 weeks. If the patient’s health condition is poor or the mediastinal tumor is large, or invades the pericardium or large blood vessels, the rest time may be extended appropriately. In conclusion, mediastinal tumor surgery is relatively simple compared with esophageal cancer and lung cancer, so the recovery from surgery is faster, often 2-4 weeks to resume normal work and study. During the time of rest and observation after mediastinal tumor surgery, it is necessary to observe the patient’s incision. Generally, it is normal to observe whether the incision appears rare conditions, such as redness, swelling and pain of the incision, especially the pain. However, if the incision appears red and swollen, it is important to see the surgeon to check the incision, which is very rare. In addition, during the observation period, we should also observe whether the mediastinal tumor is benign or malignant. It is known that the proportion of benign mediastinal tumor is high, generally between 60% and 80%, in this case regular observation after the surgery can be done. If it is a malignant tumor, it must be treated according to the stage of malignant tumor, and further treatment may be needed.