Swelling of the big toe is most often caused by trauma and inflammation of the big toe. Swelling of the big toe due to trauma is often caused by a history of strenuous exercise, such as playing soccer or bruising the big toe during walking. The pain is mostly persistent and can be applied cold in the early stages and hot in the later stages, usually after 3 days. The affected limb is braked and rested, and can generally be relieved after a period of rest. Secondly, it is caused by inflammation, such as nail fungus, the disease is mostly caused by tiny puncture wounds, contusions, barbs near the nail groove, or nail clipping too deep and other injuries, the causative agent is mostly Staphylococcus aureus. The disease can be treated with physiotherapy in the early stages, along with topical Chinese medicinal preparations such as using ichthyolite ointment or Ruyi Jinhuang San applied topically. If there is pus, incision and drainage is recommended, and nail extraction is required if necessary.