Hepatitis B vaccination is the most effective way to prevent HBV infection. The targets of hepatitis B vaccination are mainly newborns, followed by infants and children, unimmunized people under 15 years old and high-risk groups (such as medical personnel, people who are often exposed to blood, workers in childcare institutions, organ transplant patients, people who often receive blood transfusions or blood products, people with low immune function, people who are prone to trauma, family members of HBsAg-positive people, men who have sex with men or have multiple sexual partners and people who inject drugs intravenously). The vaccine should be administered to patients with hepatitis B.) Three doses of hepatitis B vaccine are required for the entire course, according to the 0, 1, and 6 months procedure, i.e. after the first dose, the second and third doses are given at intervals of 1 month and 6 months. Hepatitis B vaccination for newborns should be given within 24 hours of birth, the earlier the better. The vaccination site is intramuscular in the lateral anterior gluteal muscles for newborns and in the middle deltoid muscle of the upper arm for children and adults. The current dose of vaccine can be increased to 10UG/shot for infants and 20UG/shot for adults. The protective effect of hepatitis B vaccination for antibody responders generally lasts for at least 12 years, therefore, anti-HBs monitoring or booster immunization is not required for the general population. However, anti-HBs monitoring can be performed in high-risk groups, and booster immunization can be given if anti-HBs is <10 mIU/mL.