The clinical manifestations of schizophrenia are intricate and can present with a variety of psychiatric symptoms, except for uncommon impairment of consciousness and intellectual impairment. Initially, they may manifest as diminished attention, decreased motivation and drive, lack of energy, depression, sleep disturbances, anxiety, social withdrawal, suspicion, impaired role functioning, and irritability. The most important and essential symptom is thought disorder, which often leads to dissonance and detachment from reality in the patient’s cognitive, emotional, volitional and behavioral activities, known as “schizophrenia”. Conversations with schizophrenic patients often feel incomprehensible and incomprehensible. When reading written materials, patients often do not know what to say. In conversation, the person talks in meaningless circles and often wanders off topic, making it difficult for the listener to grasp the main points. In severe cases, the patient’s speech is so fragmented that it is impossible to converse. Sometimes the patient may describe things unnecessarily and with excessive specificity, or use words and phrases inappropriately. Some patients use ordinary words, symbols, or even actions to express specific meanings that only the patient can understand (pathological symbolic thinking). Sometimes the patient creates new words or symbols to give special meanings (new work of words). Sometimes the patient spends his days in fantasies, grand plans or theoretical discussions that have no realistic meaning, without contact with the outside world. Sometimes two opposing, contradictory ideas appear in the patient’s mind, making it impossible to judge right from wrong and affecting behavioral choices. Some patients may experience a sudden pause or blankness in their thinking without the influence of external factors or feel their thoughts being withdrawn at the same time. Some patients may have a large number of thoughts with a clear sense of involuntariness and coercion, and sometimes they may feel that some thoughts do not belong to them, but are forcibly inserted by others or the outside world. In the early stages of the illness, the patient may be skeptical of some of his or her apparently irrational thoughts, but as the illness progresses, the patient gradually becomes integrated with the pathological beliefs. Patients with schizophrenia often experience hallucinations, with verbal hallucinations being the most common. Patients’ behavior is often dictated by hallucinations, such as prolonged conversations with voices, or becoming angry, laughing, or fearful because of the voices, or mumbling, or listening with a sideways ear, or sinking into the hallucinations and laughing to themselves. For example, a patient refused to eat because she saw a plate with broken glass, a patient felt someone cut her body with a scalpel and had the sensation of electric current burning the wound, etc. Emotional disorders are mainly manifested by dull or flat emotions. It is not only manifested by dull and unvarying expressions, but also by reduced spontaneous movements and lack of body language. Patients rarely or hardly use any gestures or body postures to express their thoughts in conversation, and their speech is monotonous and lacks intonation. Patients lose their sense of humor and their response to humor, and it is difficult for the examiner’s wit to elicit a smile from the patient. There is a lack of consideration for loved ones, care and sympathy for colleagues, etc. The patient’s activity decreases, lacks initiative, and behavior becomes withdrawn, passive, and retreating. Patients have great difficulty in holding down a job, completing school, and taking care of household chores, and often have no concern for their future, no plans, or plans that they never carry out despite having them. Patients may sit for hours on end without any spontaneous activity, or they may exhibit neglect of their appearance and lack of personal hygiene.