[Abstract] Objective:To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of kidney-preserving surgery for early ureteral cancer. METHODS: The clinical data of 15 patients undergoing kidney-preserving surgery for early ureteral cancer from June 2004 to August 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. 9 patients underwent ureteral segmental resection with end-to-end anastomosis; 6 patients underwent end ureteral and bladder cuff resection with ureteral bladder reimplantation. All patients underwent bladder perfusion chemotherapy after surgery. Results: All 15 patients in this group had metastatic cell carcinoma on postoperative pathology. 14 patients were followed up for 6 months to 5 years, and no recurrence of ipsilateral ureter and renal pelvis was seen in all patients. 2 patients developed metastatic cell carcinoma of the bladder at 9 months and 3 years after surgery, respectively, and the incidence of postoperative bladder cancer was 14.3% (2/14). Conclusion: Ureteral carcinoma is a rare uroepithelial tumor, and renal preservation surgery has the risk of recurrence. However, for early-stage, low-grade ureteral carcinoma, kidney-preserving surgery is effective.