One year after tibiofibular fracture surgery off the crutch there is a bone defect can be treated by bone grafting surgery. Bone defects are more common in patients with comminuted tibiofibular fracture, and after the occurrence of bone defects patients usually show symptoms such as pain, dysfunction, deformity, and infection. If not treated in time, the limb will be useless for a long time, and it can also cause joint contracture and muscle atrophy. Currently, the most common treatment is bone grafting, including autologous bone grafting, allogeneic bone grafting and artificial bone grafting. Autologous bone transplantation is generally free of foreign body irritation, but it requires another surgery to remove the bone, and it is difficult to shape, so it is seldom used in the clinic. Allogeneic bone graft, which is prone to infection and immune reaction, is also rarely used. The most commonly used is artificial bone transplantation, the main materials are titanium plate, bioactive glass, polymer bone cement, bioceramics, etc. Through the transplantation of artificial bone, the bone defects are repaired and the function of the limb is improved. It is recommended that patients seek medical treatment in time to avoid serious complications and affecting normal life.