Mesenteric lipomatosis, also known as mesenteric lipomatosis and mesenteric lipohypertrophy, is a nonspecific inflammatory disease that occurs in the adipose tissue of the abdominal cavity. Mesenteric lipomatosis is a rare clinical disease, with a higher incidence in men than in women. Its etiology is unclear, and may be related to abdominal trauma, abdominal surgery, infection, drugs, and allergic reactions. Mesenteric lipomatosis often manifests as abdominal discomfort, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, etc. Most patients do not have fever, and in severe cases, intestinal obstruction, lymphatic obstruction with ascites, steatorrhea, cholelithiasis and other complications may occur. Hormones, antibiotics and immunosuppressants can be used according to the patient’s specific condition, commonly used drugs are prednisone, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, etc. Surgery can also be performed. Mesenteric lipomatitis is a self-limiting disease, and most patients can recover spontaneously, while those who cannot recover spontaneously can be relieved of their symptoms with active treatment and have a good prognosis.