Enhanced parenchymal echogenicity is a description of an ultrasound performed and may indicate a lesion in the brain parenchyma. Enhanced parenchymal echogenicity may be caused by physiologic causes such as aging, or it may be caused by autoimmune diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy, which can also be easily caused by performing ultrasonography with enhanced parenchymal echogenicity. Ultrasound of the brain is widely used in neonatal ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy, and it can help determine the severity of ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy based on whether the parenchymal echogenicity is normal or not, and the size of the abnormal echogenicity. If the ultrasound reveals enhanced parenchymal echogenicity, it may need to be combined with other imaging tests, such as cranial CT or MRI, and clinical symptoms to make a further diagnosis and treat the cause of the disease.