It is common knowledge that abnormally high blood lipid composition accelerates the formation of atherosclerosis and leads to coronary heart disease. However, it seems to be little known that hyperlipidemia damages the kidneys, but this is not sensationalist hype. Numerous clinical and experimental studies have shown that hyperlipidemia is indeed an important factor causing kidney damage. So, how does hyperlipidemia cause kidney damage? Rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits were fed a large amount of lipid-rich food, and after a period of time, their plasma lipoprotein levels increased significantly, showing typical hyperlipidemia. Anatomy revealed that their glomeruli were enlarged and pathological changes in renal tissue occurred, with some glomerular sclerosis visible under the microscope, and that the extent of these lesions was closely related to the degree of elevated plasma cholesterol. This suggests that elevated lipids can damage the kidneys. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to aggravating the condition of existing kidney disease, elevated lipids can also induce other diseases causing kidney damage, such as hypertension, diabetes and gout, and if combined with hyperlipidemia, it can promote the occurrence and/or development of kidney disease. It can be seen that hyperlipidemia not only increases the risk of coronary heart disease, but also, is a potential hazard to the kidney. Therefore, we must properly understand the seriousness and danger of hyperlipidemia and actively give prevention and treatment. Adjust our daily diet and suggest that patients with kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes and gout should routinely have their blood lipid checked, and if they have hyperlipidemia, they should have reasonable treatment as soon as possible.