Anal fissures do not necessarily require surgery. Most anal fissures are mainly treated with conservative or non-surgical therapy, such as correction of primary constipation, diarrhea or local medication to stop pain and bleeding. Surgery can be considered for chronic anal fissures, stage III anal fissures or when conservative treatment is not effective. The treatment of anal fissures is mainly symptomatic treatment, symptom relief and elimination of causes, etc. Acute anal fissures are usually treated mainly by conservative therapy, such as anal dilation or injection of botulinum toxin. In addition, patients can also use laxative drugs or local pain and hemostatic drugs under the guidance of a doctor. As for chronic anal fissures or stage III anal fissures, surgical treatment is usually the main treatment, including anal fissure excision and internal sphincter lateralization. Patients are advised to eat more vegetables, fruits and other fibrous foods, drink more water, and avoid spicy and stimulating foods. Also keep the anus clean, avoid excessive straining during defecation, and correct any constipation or diarrhea in time.