In the early twentieth century, a group of relatively slow-growing tumors was noted and named “carcinoid tumors”, and subsequent studies confirmed that these tumors originate from neuroendocrine cells that have regulatory functions and are widely distributed throughout the body. The vast majority of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) occur in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs, and those found in the gastrointestinal tract are now referred to as gastrointestinal-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). Neuroendocrine tumors were once considered relatively rare, but epidemiological studies have found that their incidence has increased approximately 5-fold over the past 30 years, with a current incidence of approximately 5/100,000, and the increased incidence has also been associated with advances in diagnostic techniques. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors account for approximately 70% of all neuroendocrine tumors. In the past, these tumors were thought to be relatively slow growing and the majority were benign, but now it appears that almost all have malignant potential and in some cases are highly metastatic, with the most common site of metastasis being the liver. The diagnosis must be confirmed by pathology, with specific cell morphology and specific immunohistochemical indices, and now our domestic pathology community has published the relevant pathological diagnostic criteria in parallel with international standards. There is also a relatively specific imaging test, i.e. octreotide nuclear scan, which can be used not only for diagnosis but also for guiding treatment, and currently this test is only available at Beijing Cancer Hospital (Peking University Cancer Hospital) and Peking Union Medical College Hospital. At this stage, the treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors can choose chemotherapy, growth inhibitor analogues (octreotide, etc.) treatment, and molecularly targeted drugs sunitinib (sotan) and everolimus treatment. The Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology of Beijing Cancer Hospital has started the related research.