Neonatal red buttocks, also known as neonatal diaper dermatitis, is a common and frequent skin disease in newborns. It manifests as redness of the skin around the anus, buttocks and perineum with scattered macules and herpes, skin erosion and oozing that can spread to the scrotum of male infants, labia majora of female infants, inner thighs and lumbosacral area in severe cases. It is very easy to become infected and cause skin ulcers. According to reports, the incidence of red buttocks in newborns is 14% [1]. There are three main factors in the pathogenesis of neonatal buttock redness: ① Neonatal red buttock is a complication caused by diarrhea, mainly due to the lack of timely scrubbing after urination and defecation, and ammonia is produced by the decomposition of urine by bacteria in feces, which makes the buttocks of the child in a hot and humid state for a long time, thus leading to redness, erosion and oozing around the anus and diaper contact areas. Long time diapers are not changed and the child is exposed to wet diapers for a long time, which is the root cause of the occurrence of red buttocks. ② Because the newborn itself has a thin cortical layer and poor defense function, it is prone to infection; after bathing the newborn, pat the talcum powder on the undried skin. The talcum powder forms a lump when it gets wet. The newborn’s skin is wrinkled, and the lump of talcum powder hinders the evaporation of skin moisture, which seriously irritates the skin and causes red buttocks. ③ Due to the physiological diarrhea of newborns, there are too many stools and too much irritation. The skin of the buttocks is damaged by excessive force during buttock care. If neonatal gluteal redness is not cured in time, it may lead to infection or even sepsis [2]. Therefore, early intervention care for neonatal gluteal redness is essential. Early intervention care method: bathing newborns with water temperature at 38-40 degrees every day. Particular attention needs to be paid to washing the skin folds and buttocks of the child. After bathing, give basic care and apply buttock cream evenly to the skin folds and buttocks. Use cotton diapers that are breathable and absorbent. Keep the air in the room fresh and adjust the room temperature well. The room temperature should be 18-22℃, 24-26℃ for preterm babies, and the humidity should be 55%-65%. For children in the incubator, adjust the temperature of the incubator according to the weight and age of the child so that the child’s body temperature is kept at a moderate temperature. After each diaper change, scrub with warm water or gently scrub with wet wipes that do not irritate the skin, and then absorb the water with absorbent paper towels to prevent mechanical stimulation from causing red buttocks. Then, apply buttock cream to the newborn’s perineum, groin, hindquarters and the lower part of the penis and scrotum of the male child, and finally put on the diaper, with the edges of the diaper arranged in a spacious and tight manner. When changing diapers, the child should be turned over once, lying on his side or prone, so that the child’s buttocks are not under constant pressure. Newborns with red buttocks are generally classified into 3 degrees, with only partial skin flushing as degree I, local skin flushing with rash spreading to the surrounding area as degree II, and local skin ulcers as degree III, which are usually accompanied by fungal or bacterial infections. Care methods for children who have developed red buttocks For children with potential newborn red buttocks, assess the skin condition in a timely manner, keep the skin on the buttocks dry and free from contamination, and change diapers in a timely manner. For children with dilute stools, frequent stools and milk flaps, apply antidiarrheal, digestive and intestinal active bacteria medications, and gently apply buttock cream to the buttocks. For children with Ⅰ or Ⅱ degree red buttocks, make the child lie prone to fully expose the buttocks and keep them dry, pay attention to keeping them warm during the period, and then apply buttock cream externally. For children with Ⅲ degree red buttocks, oxygen can be blown on the traumatic surface for 15min-30min each time, 2-3 times a day, and after blowing oxygen, apply buttock cream externally and continue to keep the buttocks dry and clean, and at the same time, pay attention to keeping warm. It has been proved that effective early intervention care can significantly reduce the occurrence of red buttocks in newborns. Buttock cream can form a protective layer of oil surface on the surface of infants’ buttocks, which can effectively avoid the stimulation of urine and feces, and early intervention care can prevent the occurrence of red buttocks in newborns, thus reducing the pain of the children. If effective and timely prevention is not possible, and only corresponding care measures are taken after the occurrence of red buttocks, not only is the work passive, but also the best treatment period is easily missed, thus increasing the pain of the children, aggravating the hospitalization cost and increasing the nursing The workload and medical costs are increased.