In a normal adult, the most terminal part of the spinal cord, or the bottom of the spinal cord, is at the lower edge of the first lumbar vertebra in the body, and from the first lumbar vertebra down to the sacral caudal vertebra is considered the cauda equina part of the spinal cord. Although the cauda equina is considered a part of the spinal cord, its functional structure is no different from that of other peripheral nerves. Fractures or slipped vertebrae in the cervical, thoracic, and combined thoracolumbar spine may injure the spinal cord, resulting in partial or complete paralysis. In the lower lumbar, sacral and caudal spine injuries, as long as the cauda equina is not completely severed, there is still a possibility of recovery. Even in cases where the cauda equina is completely severed, it is possible to partially or completely restore the cauda equina through surgical repair.