Liver function tests include glutamate transaminase, total protein, globulin, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, glutamyl transpeptidase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and other tests. It can check for abnormal excretion of the liver, abnormal metabolic function and whether the liver is damaged.
Elevated bilirubin can be caused by biliary obstruction, hepatitis, cirrhosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, or bile duct stones or pancreatic cancer blocking the bile ducts, as well as poor lifestyle habits such as excessive drinking, frequent late nights, and poor diet. The elevation of four indicators, namely glutathione, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase, indicates serious damage to liver parenchyma, such as severe hepatitis, advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. Glutathione transaminase also exists in cardiac muscle cells, and the elevated value indicates possible myocarditis and myocardial infarction. Elevated alkaline phosphatase indicates possible rickets, osteoporosis, jaundice, liver lesions, liver cancer, etc. Elevated glutamyl transferase indicates possible alcoholic liver disease, drug-related liver disease, toxic liver disease, fatty liver disease, etc. Low albumin indicates possible cirrhosis, tuberculosis, malignant tumor and other diseases. Decreased pre-albumin may indicate acute inflammation or nephritis.