The function of the thyroid gland: The thyroid gland is located in the human neck below the thyroid cartilage, on both sides of the trachea, shaped like a butterfly, like a shield nail, so called the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland has the function of synthesizing, storing and secreting thyroxine. The main functions of thyroxine are: to accelerate the effectiveness of oxygen utilization by cells throughout the body, to accelerate the decomposition of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, to increase the overall metabolism of the body and to increase heat production; to promote the growth and development of the body, mainly affecting the brain and long bones after birth. Thyroid disorders: The prevalence of thyroid nodules is extremely high, with a detection rate of 3%-7% by palpation in the general population and up to 20%-76% by high-resolution ultrasound. Thyroid nodules include: 1) simple nodular goiter; 2) thyroiditis (including subacute thyroiditis and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis); 3) thyroid cancer, especially thyroid cancer, which is on the rise and requires high priority. Among them, larger nodular goiter and thyroid cancer both require surgical treatment. The traditional thyroid surgery incision is 6-300 px, which requires extensive freeing and severing of the broad neck muscle, causing great trauma and scarring, and certain complications. The postoperative complications are much lower than traditional surgery (0.4% postoperative hematoma, 0.6% temporary hoarseness, 0.12% permanent hoarseness, and no other serious complications), less invasive and aesthetically pleasing. We are now skilled in the modified Miccoli procedure and can successfully perform the removal of nodular goiter and microscopic thyroid cancer. Traditional surgical incision Traditional surgery leaves a large scar 3 months after surgery Modified Miccoli surgical incision Modified Miccoli incision 2 months after surgery