Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto’s goiter, is an autoimmune disease and the most common cause of goiter combined with hypothyroidism. Due to the damage of autoantibodies, the diseased thyroid tissue is replaced by a large number of lymphocytes, plasma cells and fibrosis in the general surgery treatment center Chu Yanqui of PLA 302 Hospital. Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies and anti-thyroid cell surface antibodies and many other antibodies can be detected in the serum. Histology shows extensive infiltration of thyroid follicles with lymphocytes and plasma cells, and the formation of ? lymphoid follicles and germinal centers. The disease is mostly seen in women aged 30 to 50 years. Clinical manifestations are painless diffuse goiter, symmetrical, hard, smooth surface, mostly accompanied by hypothyroidism, larger adenomas may have compression symptoms. Diagnosis An enlarged thyroid gland, low basal metabolic rate, and reduced iodine uptake by the thyroid gland, combined with multiple antithyroid antibodies in the serum, may aid in the diagnosis. In cases of doubt, a puncture biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment can be long-term with thyroxine tablets, which are mostly effective. Biopsy or surgery should be performed to rule out malignancy if there are symptoms of compression.