(1) The first step should be to accurately analyze the stone composition, which will go a long way in providing effective targeted preventive measures, especially in reducing the recurrence rate. (2) Complete removal of stones and elimination of the causes of stone formation is the best prevention method, but for most patients the causes cannot be eradicated and new causes may appear, so long-term and even lifelong attention to prevention is required. (3) Diet: Drink more water and maintain a daily urine output of at least 2000 ml. Food: The occurrence of upper urinary tract stones is closely related to diet and nutrition. Excessive intake of animal protein will increase the risk of calcium, oxalic acid and uric acid. Animal offal and cauliflower contain more purines and are contraindicated for people with high uric acid. Usually you should eat less spinach, beans and dairy foods or eat more low-calcium foods, less meat and more vegetables. (4) Anti-stone drugs Metabolic abnormalities that cannot be controlled with diet often need to be supplemented with drugs. Drugs that reduce stone salt or acid saturation: such as thiazides (reduce urinary calcium and oxalic acid), cellulose phosphate (reduce intestinal absorption of calcium), orthophosphates (increase blood phosphorus and indirectly reduce urinary calcium), etc. Drugs that increase urinary inhibitory activity, such as magnesium, potassium raffinate, the Chinese herbal medicine Stone Stone Tong, and Wu Ling San. Drugs that interfere with promoting factors, such as acetylcysteine, alanine, etc. (5) The monitoring of prevention and control effect includes two aspects After stone removal or discharge, ultrasound or X-ray follow-up examination should be applied regularly, and once the stone recurs, lithotripsy method can be applied early to deal with it, so that the stone should not continue to grow. The effect of various drugs for stone prevention is not satisfactory in about 15% of patients, or the effect will be reduced after a period of time. Therefore, regular monitoring should be done by using the method of determining the tendency of stone formation and replacing other drugs if necessary, so that the effect of prevention can be increased to more than 90%.