The liberalization of the second child policy has met the needs of some eligible couples, however, not every eligible woman is suitable for a second pregnancy. Advanced age and declining physical function will bring a number of problems, and second pregnancies in women who have had a first cesarean delivery also bring a number of risk factors such as placenta praevia, postpartum hemorrhage, and pregnancy in the scarred area of the uterus. The first step is to assess these people for re-birth, which requires clinical knowledge in nutrition, endocrinology, ultrasound, etc. or a team of physicians in the department to tailor a personalized re-birth plan for women who are expecting a second child. In clinical work, it is found that most women with the need for a second child are already over 30 years old, or even over 35 years old. The incidence of embryonic dysplasia and fetal malformations is further increased due to the declining physical function of 35-year-old women and the deterioration of ovarian function. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Society of Genetic Medicine propose that all pregnant women aged >35 years should undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis. China’s Measures for the Implementation of the Maternal and Infant Health Care Law also clearly stipulates that necessary prenatal diagnosis should be performed for advanced maternal age. Combined early pregnancy screening refers to the screening of plasma protein A and free β-hCG levels by serum testing at 11-13 weeks of pregnancy or combined with ultrasound nuchal translucency thickness measurement (NT value). Combined screening has the advantages of early detection, early intervention and high accuracy. Mid-pregnancy screening On November 20, 2012, the ACOG and the American Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) issued a committee guideline recommending noninvasive DNA prenatal testing (NIPT) as a primary screening test for people at high risk for aneuploidy, with the first indication being that the mother is older than 35 years of age, clearly supporting the use of NIPT for primary screening in older age groups. However, NIPT has its own limitations. Chromosome imbalance translocations and deletions are not detected by repeat NIPS. Therefore, if fetal malformations are detected by ultrasound, invasive diagnostic maneuvers are recommended. You really need to be well prepared to welcome your second child.