Introduction to Arthroscopic Surgery
An arthroscope is a 5-mm diameter rod-shaped optical instrument that is used to view the internal structure of a joint and is an endoscope used by physicians to treat joint disorders. The arthroscope is equipped with a lens at the end of a thin tube, which is inserted inside the joint, and the internal structure of the joint is displayed on a monitor. As a result, the structures inside the joint can be viewed directly. Arthroscopic surgery is performed by cutting several “chopstick” sized or smaller holes (5-10 mm) in the skin, inserting a camera and surgical instruments into the joint, and having the surgeon operate under the monitor to diagnose and treat various joint diseases.
Scope of arthroscopic surgery treatment
At present, the joints that can be treated include: knee, shoulder, ankle, elbow, wrist, jaw, hip, metacarpophalangeal joint, and even thoracic and lumbar joints. Arthroscopic surgery can treat synovial chondromatosis, patellar chondromalacia, osteochondrosis (bone spur), free body, synovial wall, joint disorders, joint ligament injury, meniscal injury, joint capsule adhesion, frozen shoulder, rotator cuff injury, various intra-articular fractures, various joint adhesions and limited joint movement, various unexplained joint pain, various inflammatory diseases in joints, as well as osteoarthritis synovitis, traumatic arthritis rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculous arthritis, septic arthritis, exfoliative osteochondritis and other diseases.
Advantages of arthroscopic surgery
Compared with open joint surgery, arthroscopic surgery
①Small incision and minimal skin scarring;
②The surgery is less traumatic, safe, repeatable, and does not affect other surgeries in the future;
③One time arthroscopy can treat many diseases at the same time:
④Wide indications, it is suitable for a variety of lesions in the joint. There are few contraindications, such as poor physical conditions that prevent conventional surgery, but not necessarily contraindicate arthroscopic surgery.
Indications for arthroscopic surgery
1. For diagnosis of.
①Identification of non-infectious arthritis.
② To understand the site, degree and morphology of knee meniscus injury.
③Injury to the cruciate ligament and N tendon stop of the knee joint.
④To understand the damage of intra-articular cartilage and the presence of intra-articular free bodies, etc.
⑤ Analyze the etiology of chronic synovitis.
⑥Diagnosis of synovial crease syndrome and fat pad lesion of knee joint
⑦The site and extent of rotator cuff rupture and biceps tendon adhesions.
⑧ Synovial biopsy.
2.For the study of changes in intra-articular lesions.
In the process of joint disease development, arthroscopy can be performed several times. By taking pictures, videos or synovial biopsies, data that are difficult to obtain by other diagnostic methods can be obtained, which is extremely helpful for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis judgment.
3.For treatment.
For some lesions of the knee and shoulder joints, after a clear diagnosis of the researcher, surgery can be performed with special instruments under the microscopic view, and satisfactory results can be achieved.