Epidemiology: Kidney cancer accounts for about 2%-3% of adult malignant tumors, with incidence rates varying from country to country or region to region, and the incidence rates in developed countries are higher than those in developing countries. The incidence rate and mortality rate of kidney cancer in China also vary greatly among regions. According to the annual report of national tumor registry, statistics from 2005 to 2009, the incidence rate of kidney cancer in 34-72 registration sites nationwide were 3.96/100,000, 4.44/100,000, 4.64/100,000, 5.08/100,000, 4.5/100,000, and the mortality rate were 1.38/100,000, 1.4/100,000, 1.47/100,000, 1.52/100,000, respectively. 100,000, 1.47/100,000, 1.52/100,000, and 1.46/100,000, respectively. The incidence ratio of male to female patients was about 1.83:1; the incidence rate in urban areas was 4.31 times higher than that in rural areas. The age of onset can be seen in all age groups, and the high incidence age is 50-70 years. Etiology: The etiology of kidney cancer is not known. Its development is associated with genetics, smoking, obesity, hypertension and anti-hypertensive treatment (level of evidence IIa), and hereditary or familial renal cancer, which accounts for 2-4% of all renal cancers. Not smoking and avoiding obesity are important ways to prevent the development of kidney cancer (recommended level B). Kidney cancer that is not caused by genetic factors is called sporadic kidney cancer. Renal cell carcinoma is a serious and common malignancy, with distant metastases already present in 20-30% of patients at the time of presentation. In the past, once a patient was diagnosed with “metastatic renal cell carcinoma” and could not be removed surgically, it seemed like receiving a “death notice”. However, in recent years, this situation has been greatly improved, and targeted drugs have brought more chances of survival and hope for patients with advanced kidney cancer.