The most common malignant tumor of the urinary system is bladder cancer, and the incidence of bladder cancer is the highest among the malignant tumors of the urinary system. If it is confined to the mucosa and submucosa only, minimally invasive surgery can be used to achieve clinical cure. However, postoperative adjuvant bladder perfusion chemotherapy is required, and bladder perfusion chemotherapy should be maintained for at least 1 year. If invasion of the muscular layer occurs, total bladder resection is required for treatment. If the lesion is more limited, partial cystectomy may be considered to achieve clinical remission of the problem. The bladder is covered with a layer of uroepithelium, which can cause degeneration or atypical hyperplasia of the uroepithelium due to chronic urinary irritation or the presence of stones or recurrent inflammation, leading to an increased probability of bladder malignancy. It can also be seen in congenital factors, such as the patient’s umbilical ureter not degenerating, and there is a possibility of adenoid hyperplasia of the bladder uroepithelium at some future date, which can increase the probability of having bladder adenocarcinoma.