Elevated protein can be divided into elevated urine protein and elevated blood protein, which are two different diseases. If the urine protein is elevated, it is considered that the glomerular basement membrane is damaged, which can be seen in nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive renal damage and so on. If it is caused by nephrotic syndrome, renal puncture biopsy is needed to clarify its pathologic type, and anti-immunotherapy is given. If it is caused by other factors such as nephritis, it needs active urinary protein-lowering treatment. If the protein in the blood is obviously elevated, the possibility of infection or tumor is considered to be high, especially when the immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M are obviously elevated, which is mostly seen in tumor, and the diagnosis can be further clarified by the systemic tumor markers, CT or PET-CT examination. If the disease is caused by infection, usually combined with elevated blood counts, the protein can be reduced to normal after controlling the infection, and can be further confirmed by other clinical examinations.