The six sex hormone tests are routine basic tests in reproductive medicine. At present, there is no complete and unified value of endocrine sex hormones in obstetrics and gynecology in China, and due to the different sources of reagents, methods of measurement, data calculation and units used, the results obtained by different laboratories are not exactly the same even for the same hormone specimen. The measurement of sex hormone levels is used to understand female endocrine function and to diagnose diseases related to endocrine disorders. The six commonly used sex hormone tests, namely folliculogenic hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), testosterone (T), and prolactin (PRL), basically meet the needs of clinicians for screening endocrine disorders and general understanding of physiological functions. The best time to check endocrine secretion is on the 3rd-5th day after menstruation, which is the early follicular period and can reflect the functional status of the ovaries. However, for those who have not had a period for a long time and are anxious to know the results of the test, the test can be performed at any time, which is by default the premenstrual period, and the results will be based on the results of the luteal phase. Clinical significance Prolactin (PRL, also known as lactogen) is measured to help diagnose hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, which can be caused by pituitary tumors and is sometimes associated with male impotence. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH, also called folliculopoietin).FSH and LH are closely related to the growth of gonadal tissue and the control of reproductive activity.FSH rises during menopause, after oophorectomy and in premature ovarian failure.Abnormal relationships between FSH and LH and between FSH and estrogen are associated with anorexia nervosa and polycystic ovarian disease. In random measurements FSH concentrations above 40 miu/ml suggest ovarian failure. In men, vas deferens growth and maintenance of sperm production are often regulated by FSH, and FSH levels are usually elevated in men with azoospermia and oligospermia. Elevated FSH is also seen in primary testicular failure and fine duct hypoplasia (i.e., klinefelter syndrome), starvation, renal failure, hyperthyroidism, and cirrhosis; whereas testicular tumors generally have reduced FSH concentrations. Luteinizing hormone (LH). Elevated LH concentrations are seen in hypogonadism, primary testicular failure and fine duct hypoplasia, renal failure, cirrhosis, hyperthyroidism and severe starvation. Low LH levels in both men and women can lead to infertility. Low LH values can indicate some dysfunction of the pituitary or hypothalamus. LH concentration is routinely measured in the differential diagnosis of hypothalamic, pituitary or gonadal dysfunction, and is measured together with FSH. In addition, LH is used to determine menopause, the timing of ovulation, and to monitor endocrine therapy. Estradiol (E2). Serum E2 measurement is a very useful indicator for the evaluation of various menstrual abnormalities: early or delayed puberty in girls, primary or secondary amenorrhea, premature ovarian failure, etc. In men, E2 is also elevated in the presence of feminization syndrome, breast feminization, and testicular cancer. The monitoring of serum E2 in patients with infertility is very useful to monitor ovulation induction and subsequent treatment. In in vitro fertilization (IVF), the use of chorionic gonadotropin and oocyte collection are usually optimally adjusted daily during ovarian hyperstimulation, and E2 concentrations are also measured. Testosterone (Testoserone,T) Measurement of serum Testo in men is useful in the diagnosis of testicular dysfunction. Measurement of serum Testo in women is useful in the evaluation of hirsutism, hair loss and menstrual abnormalities. Progesterone (Prog,P) Prog concentration is measured to determine the presence or absence of ovulation and luteal function in infertile women. Contents of the test The six sex hormone tests include: 1. follicular estrogen (FSH) 2. luteinizing hormone (LH) 3. estrogen (E2) 4. progesterone (P) 5. androgen (T) 6. prolactin (PROL) Indication requirements Women presenting with menstrual cycle disorders, amenorrhea, abnormal bleeding from the reproductive tract, gynecologically related tumors, etc. need routine examination of sex hormone six. Men with semen abnormalities, impotence, hormone-related tumors, etc. need to have their sex hormone six checked. Common knowledge You cannot use sex hormone drugs (including progesterone and estrogen) at least one month before checking basic sex hormones, otherwise the results are unreliable (except for sex hormones that need to be rechecked after treatment). Sex hormones can be checked at any time of menstruation, and the normal value varies for each period. However, to diagnose and treat infertility, it is important to know the basal sex hormone levels. First of all, you should choose the 2nd to 5th day of menstruation for the test, called basal sex hormone level, and the 3rd day is the best for the measurement. If you are sure that it is the 3rd day of menstruation, you can check the 5 sex hormones and you can skip the progesterone, which should be checked during the luteal phase (21 days after menstruation or 7 days after ovulation); but if you are not sure if the vaginal bleeding is menstrual, you should check the 6 items to prevent misdiagnosis (according to the P data, you can roughly determine the period of menstrual cycle). In cases of scanty menstruation and amenorrhea, a negative urine pregnancy test, absence of ≥10 mm follicles in both ovaries on vaginal ultrasound and EM thickness of 5 mm can also be done as the basal status.