Craniocerebral trauma, the most common of traumas, is also the most deadly. Of all crash injuries, traumatic brain injury is also ranked first in terms of lethality. First aid at the scene of a traumatic brain injury is crucial, and proper first aid treatment often creates better surgical conditions afterwards, saving lives and reducing sequelae. Here, we introduce you how to start first aid after a traumatic brain injury accident, and maybe you can save a life in a pinch.
Quickly determine the severity of the injury. If the injury is minor, just advise him/her to seek medical attention. For more serious injuries, quickly find out how conscious the injured person is, whether he or she is unconscious, whether there is hemorrhaging throughout the body, whether the limbs can move, etc. Call the 120 emergency number and inform the emergency center of the specific location of the injured person and the condition of the injury. While informing the emergency center of the condition, you can let them guide the on-site rescue.
1.ABC principle of trauma first aid.
A, (Airway) to determine whether the airway is open or not, because traumatic brain injury patients often have impaired consciousness, vomiting, etc., it is very easy to accumulate vomit, secretions, blood clots, etc. in the mouth and respiratory tract, causing airway obstruction, resulting in breathing difficulties and directly threatening life safety. Should quickly remove the foreign body into the nose, mouth, to ensure oxygen inhalation.
B, (Breathing) to determine whether the breathing is normal. (Normal adult breathing 15 – 25 times / min) should observe the chest rise and fall fast and slow and mouth and lips purple phenomenon.
C, (Circulation) blood circulation. Observe the pulse rate (60 – 100 beats/min for normal adults). If there is respiratory or cardiac arrest, perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (artificial respiration + external cardiac compressions) immediately.
2. Handling and position. This issue is relatively more complex and requires a comprehensive judgment of the pros and cons before implementation. If the scene is dangerous, then quickly move the injured person away from the scene; if the injured person is still conscious, let the injured person take a lying position, head to the side as much as possible; if the injured person is unconscious, inexperienced rescuer, rather not move at will, unless there has been a life-threatening situation, the need for CPR. Traumatic brain injury patients are often accompanied by cervical spine loss, inappropriate lifting, may aggravate the loss of cervical spine, the best way to carry the injured person is three people pan, one head and neck, a waist and hip, one foot and leg.
3, a few important taboos. Do not shake the injured person to promote their consciousness. Do not let the injured person eat and drink water. Do not pull out the foreign body stabbed into the body at will. Do not drive yourself to a big hospital when the situation is unknown, thus missing the best time for treatment.
Proper first aid can greatly improve the treatment effect and prognosis of traumatic brain injury. Of course, safe driving and safe operation, such as driving with a seat belt, wearing a helmet on a moving car, adding guardrails around the bed and windows of small children, and standardized operation at factory sites are clichés, but they are really the most effective way to avoid traumatic brain injury.