I. The process of understanding gestational diabetes As early as the 1940s and 1950s, some researchers found that the perinatal mortality rate of fetuses born to pregnant women with type 2 diabetes was significantly higher compared to healthy pregnant women, and the proportion of fetuses born to pregnant women with type 2 diabetes weighing more than 4000Kg was also higher than that of fetuses born to normal pregnant women. In 1964, the American scientist O′Sullivan chose 599 pregnant women to conduct an experiment on gestational diabetes and found that the birth weight of fetuses decreased significantly after controlling blood sugar. Since then, more and more studies on gestational diabetes have been conducted. Prevalence of gestational diabetes At present, there is no uniform information about the prevalence of gestational diabetes in our country. Some scholars have conducted some small-scale epidemiological surveys showing that the prevalence of gestational diabetes in urban areas is around 5%, and because of the large population base in China, the number of patients with gestational diabetes in China is not small. III. Definition of gestational diabetes Gestational diabetes is defined as varying degrees of blood glucose abnormalities that occur or are first detected during the course of pregnancy, but does not include pregnant women who have been diagnosed with diabetes prior to pregnancy. If the patient has been diagnosed with diabetes before pregnancy, it should be referred to as combined diabetes. Gestational diabetes, as the name implies, is diabetes related to pregnancy, because during pregnancy, the pregnant woman’s body, especially the placenta, secretes many hormones, all of which counteract the hypoglycemic effect of insulin secreted by the pancreas, resulting in insulin resistance and thus elevated blood glucose. We often encounter many pregnant women with gestational diabetes who say they have eaten a lot recently and believe that gestational diabetes occurs because of eating. V. Clinical manifestations of gestational diabetes Many people know that some diabetic patients will show that they eat a lot, thirst, drink a lot of water, urinate a lot and lose weight, but gestational diabetes patients basically do not have any clinical symptoms. I am often asked by pregnant women with gestational diabetes, “Doctor, if I am diabetic, why don’t I have any symptoms? Is it a mistake?”. In fact, no, pregnant women with gestational diabetes do not have typical clinical symptoms. If there is a problem with the first blood sugar check, such as fasting blood sugar over 7mmol/L, or random blood sugar over 11.1mmol/L, or blood sugar over 11.1mmol/L 2 hours after drinking sugar water, we should consider that the patient may already have diabetes before pregnancy, and we should diagnose Diabetes mellitus combined with pregnancy. If the first blood glucose check is normal, it should be reviewed again at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. The reason for choosing to review at 24-28 weeks is that the amount of hormones secreted by the placenta of pregnant women starts to increase rapidly at this time, and the possibility of problems with glucose metabolism increases, so it is necessary to check in time and intervene in time if there are problems. Seven, gestational diabetes screening methods Gestational diabetes screening is now generally done using an oral 75g glucose glucose tolerance test. The patient arrives at the hospital on an empty stomach on the day of the test, draws fasting blood glucose, and then takes 75g of glucose glucose by mouth.