Bilateral pneumonitis refers to inflammation of the terminal airways, alveoli, and interstitium of both lungs, and can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms, physical and chemical factors, immune injury, allergies, and medications. Pneumonia caused by pathogenic microorganisms is the most common causative factor and one of the most common infectious diseases. 1. For lung inflammation caused by pathogenic microorganisms, it depends on two factors, i.e. pathogen and host factors. Pneumonia occurs when the pathogen is abundant and virulent and/or the host’s respiratory local and systemic immune defenses are compromised. Before the use of antimicrobial drugs, bacterial pneumonia was a major health threat to children and the elderly. 2. When inflammatory changes occur in both lungs, sputum culture and other pathogenetic tests can be further improved, and at the same time, active anti-infective treatment such as ceftriaxone and moxifloxacin should be carried out, which can be combined with symptomatic sputum chemotherapy such as aminoglutethimide tablets and eucalyptus-pinocamphe enteric capsule. Therefore, when the examination of bilateral pneumonic changes also need to go to the hospital for further treatment, so as not to delay the disease.