For benign tumors and early cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, EMR surgery is a better treatment method with the following indications: 1. submucosal tumors less than 2 cm in diameter; 2. early cancers without lymph node metastasis and shallow infiltration, including mucosal carcinoma and intramucosal carcinoma of esophageal diameter up to 3 cm, differentiated carcinoma without ulceration and erosion, differentiated carcinoma with ulceration and erosion under 3 cm in diameter, undifferentiated carcinoma under 2 cm Undifferentiated carcinoma without ulceration and erosion, and submucosal carcinoma of the colorectum; 3. Lateral developing tumors or tumors with wide base can also be treated by EMR maneuvers to achieve clean resection; 4. Some cases with abnormal structure, such as ectopic pancreas, can be resected through EMR surgery after clear diagnosis.