Hemoptysis is a symptom of respiratory hemorrhage, manifested as a tickling throat with coughing and coughing up blood or whole blood; the main difference with vomiting (gastrointestinal bleeding) is that it is malignant, vomiting first, but can be followed by coughing up blood (irritating coughing up after blood enters the respiratory tract). Hemoptysis is a respiratory emergency, and the definition of the amount of hemoptysis has not been standardized at home and abroad. There are many causes of hemoptysis, including bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, lung cancer, lung infection and abnormal coagulation mechanisms. The mortality rate of massive hemoptysis is quite high, and recurrent refractory hemoptysis greatly affects the quality of life of patients. The main treatment for hemoptysis (including blood in the sputum) is medical medication, which is usually curable after medical hemostasis and symptomatic treatment (anti-infection, anti-tuberculosis and correction of coagulation mechanisms, etc.). In some patients, hemoptysis is ineffective and can recur and worsen, mainly due to bronchiectasis (including tuberculous bronchiectasis), lung cancer and pulmonary vascular malformation, etc. Surgical treatment and endovascular intervention are the key to treatment. The principle of surgical treatment is to remove the diseased lung tissue (including pulmonary blood vessels), but when the lesion involves both lungs, surgery is very limited, and surgery is very traumatic, and some patients are not indicated for surgery due to lung function, etc. In this case, embolization of endovascular bleeding vessels becomes the crucial and the only treatment, and can obtain minimally invasive and efficient results. However, endovascular intervention for hemoptysis is only symptomatic treatment and cannot solve the underlying pulmonary disease, so it is necessary to actively carry out endosurgical treatment of intra-pulmonary lesions. These patients have more than one hemoptysis. Although these patients have more than hemoptysis, the amount of hemoptysis is usually a small amount, at most a medium amount, and rarely a large amount; active cause-specific treatment is very necessary. In my clinical practice, I found that many patients with persistent hemoptysis had been treated externally, and most of them could obtain satisfactory results after being treated again by me. The main reasons for this are the following: (1) technical problems of thoracic vascular cannulation; (2) variation of bronchial arteries; (3) neglect of the involvement of non-bronchial body arteries (bronchial arteries are the main target vessels) in hemoptysis; (4) technical problems of subclavian artery branch cannulation; (5) reasonable use of embolic agents; (6) neglect of the involvement of pulmonary arteries in hemoptysis.