Principles of on-site first aid for trauma patients: 1. It is necessary to determine the patient’s consciousness and vital signs. If the patient is unconscious, the first thing to do is to determine whether the patient’s breathing and heartbeat have stopped, and if they have stopped, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be given immediately, intravenous access should be established on the spot, and resuscitation treatment with epinephrine and other resuscitation drugs should be applied. 2. 3. determine whether there is injury to the patient’s spine, if it is an injury to the cervical or lumbar spine, great care must be taken when moving the patient, first of all, the patient should be externally fixed with a cervical circumference to the lumbar circumference, and then move the patient with a spinal handling board or a hard board. 4. if the patient is found to have wounds on the extremities and active bleeding, pressure bandages must be given immediately to stop the bleeding. 5. if organ injuries such as chest and abdomen are found, while rehydrating, immediately transfer to hospital for further consultation and treatment.