Anal fistula is one of the three major anorectal diseases that can occur at any age, with a higher incidence in people aged 30-40 years. The duration of the disease varies from a few months to several decades. It is an abnormal tube that connects the anal canal or rectum to the skin outside the anus, usually consisting of an internal port, a tube, and an external port. In the initial stage, the pus flow is more, yellow and thick, with a heavy fecal odor. In the long run, the pus gradually decreases, sometimes not, thin and light like water, if too tired, the pus increases, there can be fecal outflow. Sometimes the outer opening of the fistula can be temporarily closed, but soon the patient will have fever, local swelling and pain, and the closed opening can be punctured again, and the symptoms will gradually disappear only after the pus flows out. When the fistula is open, there is usually no pain and only localized swelling, but there is also pain caused by the large internal opening and the flow of feces into the canal, especially when defecation or inflammation is present. Perianal pruritus can be caused by constant stimulation of the perianal skin by pus, which can also be accompanied by perianal eczema. The acute inflammatory stage or chronic complicated anal fistula can be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, anemia, emaciation and loss of appetite. The disease is mostly due to damp-heat infiltration, the perianal qi and blood do not run smoothly, damp-heat and qi and blood wrestle with each other, forming abscesses; abscesses break down and the sores do not close, or temporarily heal, but over time they become pus and break down again, so that repeated attacks become anal fistula. The fistula is also caused by internal injuries due to deficiency labor, and this kind of fistula has clear pus and does not heal for a long time. (1) Anal fistula: five reasons why there is little chance of self-healing It is a recognized fact in the medical community that anal fistula has little chance of self-healing (the principle of treatment for anal fistula is mainly surgery, supplemented by drugs), mainly because of the following reasons (2) The anal cavity cannot be sedated and the pus cavity is not easily bonded: the anal sphincter is often in spasm due to contraction of the sphincter or stimulation of the anal sphincter due to inflammation when defecating or urinating; (3) the feces, intestinal fluid and gas in the intestinal cavity continue to enter the fistula and stimulate the wall, causing the connective tissue of the wall to thicken and make it difficult to close the cavity; (4) the pus cavity (4) poor drainage, or narrowing of the external opening, sometimes closing and sometimes collapsing, pus accumulation in the cavity, resulting in the re-emergence of abscesses and the formation of new branches or fistulas; (5) the tube passes through the anal sphincter at different heights, and sphincter contraction prevents pus discharge, resulting in poor drainage. The fistula is not only not “self-healing”, but also prone to recurrence if it is not treated properly at the beginning. （The first thing you need to do is to get a good idea of what you are getting into. The first is that the anal fistula becomes inflamed, the pain in the anus is intense, the pus pollutes the underwear after it breaks, the pus stimulates the local skin, and the anal itching is intense. The more frequent the attacks are, the more frequent they will be, forming a mutual cause and effect. If the fistula is recurrent, the pus can penetrate the wall and spread through the sphincter to become multiple and complex fistulas, which not only makes treatment difficult, but also affects the physiological function of the anus. Multiple anal fistulas can form rectovaginal fistulas, rectourethral fistulas and rectovaginal bladder fistulas, which endanger the surrounding organs. In addition, it is important to draw attention to the fact that old anal fistulas that have been left untreated or mistreated for years have the potential to become cancerous. （The traditional treatment methods for anal fistula include incision and hanging, fistula incision and excision, and hanging therapy, but the traditional treatment methods are associated with pain, fecal incontinence, and complications of sphincter damage. The procedure is invented by Professor He Yongheng, the leader of the national key anorectal specialty of our hospital, which combines traditional incision and ligature with modern minimally invasive surgery to achieve fast postoperative recovery and less trauma, thus reducing various serious postoperative complications caused by traditional surgery for complex anal fistula.