Radical surgery for rectal cancer is as follows: 1. Choose the surgical method according to the distance of the tumor from the anus: if the distance is less than 5cm, transabdominal perineal colectomy (Miles surgery) can be performed; if the distance is more than 7cm, transabdominal radical rectal cancer surgery (Dixon surgery) can be performed, that is, after removing the tumor, the upper sigmoid colon is connected with the rectum; 2. Choose the surgical method according to the stage of the disease: if the patient 2. choose the surgical method according to the stage of the disease: if the patient has late stage of tumor or there are symptoms of intestinal obstruction, Hartmann surgery can be performed, i.e. resection of the tumor, distal closure of the rectum and raising the proximal sigmoid colon to the abdominal wall for fistula. Other surgical procedures include dermoid anastomosis, simple fistula, etc.