1.Concept: Early intervention is all kinds of training to improve the intellectual ability of preterm infants by providing various sensory stimulation and rich environmental education to at-risk infants. It is used for infants and toddlers whose development (mainly referring to neurological and mental development) deviates from normal or may deviate from normal. Measures are taken to improve the development of these infants and toddlers, or to catch up with the development of normal children or to enhance their self-care skills. Early intervention can reverse deviations from normal neurological and psychiatric development and allow infants and toddlers to reach their full potential. The key to treatment is early detection, early diagnosis, early intervention, early treatment, the earlier the start, the better the results. 2, the target of intervention: The target of early intervention is mainly the surviving high-risk children who are affected by high-risk factors in the perinatal period, and the high-risk factors are divided into fetal period, delivery period and neonatal period according to the period: 1, fetal period high-risk factors: genetic factors, early pregnancy bleeding, gestational hypertension syndrome, intrauterine infection, the influence of toxic and harmful substances during pregnancy, maternal diseases (anemia, heart, liver, kidney, diabetes, etc.) 2. High risk factors during delivery: neonatal asphyxia, obstructed labor, cesarean section, birth injury. 3. High risk factors during neonatal period: preterm birth, low birth weight (<2500g) neonatal ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy, severe hyperbilirubinemia, intracranial hemorrhage, central nervous system infection. 3, screening and diagnostic methods: ① Neonatal Behavior Ability Determination (NBNA): the advantages of the U.S. Brazelton neonatal behavior estimation score and the French Amiel-Tison neuromotor determination method, combined with their own experience to establish our newborn 20-item behavioral neurological measurement method. ②The 52-item neuromotor examination, edited by Bao Xiulan, screens by checking consciousness response, audiovisual condition, primitive reflex, motor ability, muscle tone examination, abnormal posture examination, etc. ③Newborn hearing screening. ④Auxiliary examinations: cranial ultrasound or CT, fundus examination, EEG, etc. 4.Intervention methods: ①Refer to the "Newborn Behavior and Education from 0 to 3 years old" to develop early interventions, starting after the condition stabilizes after 7 d. Sensory stimulation massage, visual, auditory, head lifting and limb movement training in the neonatal period, for about half an hour or more each time, at least twice a day; perception, visual and auditory, language, memory and movement training in the infant period. ② Direct intervention to the newborn visual and auditory stimulation, focus on massage, passive gymnastics, swimming and other motor training, and according to the law of infant motor development to do head lifting, turning over, sitting, crawling, standing and walking and other active motor training. ③For children with moderate to severe brain injury, we apply movement therapy to promote normal movement development, inhibit abnormal movement and posture, and gradually promote children to produce correct movement. ④Physical electrotherapy, cognitive function training and medication (monosialoganglioside, sodium cytarabine, salvia injection, cerebroprotein hydrolysate, lysine inositol vitamin B12 oral solution) should be selected according to the child's condition (10 days is a course of treatment). 5.Post-discharge follow-up and intervention: Follow-up of newborns can help detect children with deviations from normal physical or neurological development at an early stage and provide timely early intervention to reduce the degree of disability. In addition, follow-up visits also allow retrospective epidemiological investigations and prospective clinical randomized controls to explore the incidence, risk factors and pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disability. Follow-up should be initiated 7-10 days after hospital discharge to assess neonatal recovery from disease. Subsequent visits should be monthly up to 1 year of age and every 3 months from 1 to 2 years of age. The content includes physical developmental measurements, 52 neuromotor items, Bailey intelligence test, GMFM gross motor assessment examination, etc. We also provide planned training for parents to introduce the basic knowledge of child development and to continue family early intervention for the children. Children with abnormal development will continue to be treated according to the neurodevelopmental treatment method.