Peachy sputum is a common clinical manifestation of pulmonary schistosomiasis. Lung schistosomiasis, also known as pulmonary schistosomiasis, is an acute or chronic endemic parasitic disease caused by Schistosoma haematobium. The parasites are mainly found in the lungs, with cough and peachy sputum as the main manifestations, but also in various tissues and organs, such as the brain, spinal cord, gastrointestinal tract, abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue, producing corresponding symptoms. The clinical manifestations are also diverse. The incubation period ranges from a few days to 20 years, mostly within 1 year. What causes pulmonary schistosomiasis? There are nearly 40 species of pulmonary schistosomes known in the world, among which 8 species are pathogenic to humans, mainly Schistosoma wei and Schistosoma sichuani. The first intermediate host of S. pulmonarius is more than 20 kinds of freshwater snails, and the second intermediate host is crabs, mayflies and crustaceans. The final hosts are humans or mammals such as dogs, cats, pigs, etc. These animals are also known as the hosts of the parasites, which are the main source of infection in the natural epidemic. The onset of the disease is slow, with mild fever, night sweats, fatigue, loss of appetite, cough, chest pain and brownish-red jam-like sputum. There is abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and thick brown, purulent and bloody stools. Allergic symptoms such as urticaria. Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis has a more acute onset with high fever and toxemia. Low back pain, difficulty moving lower limbs, even paraplegia, difficulty urinating and defecating, incontinence. Pleural effusion signs may be complicated by pleural thickening or abscess chest. Cystic masses, enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen and testes, and peritoneal effusion may be palpable in the abdomen. Meningeal irritation signs, hemianopia, abnormal or absent sensation, and optic nerve papilla edema. A few patients have epilepsy, convulsions, hemiparesis, and motor disorders.